Ducati Desmosedici
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 Desmosedici GP8 at EICMA 2008 | |
| Manufacturer | Ducati |
|---|---|
| Also called | Ducati D16 |
| Production | since 2003 |
| Class | Prototype |
Contents[hide] |
[edit] Background
Ducati abandoned the Grand Prix racing scene at the start of the 1970s. For many years the 500 class was essentially a class for two-stroke motorcycles, an engineering technology that was far removed from the four-stroke road-going machines sold by Ducati. Technical rules changed in 2002, giving priority to four-stroke machinery and turning the 500 class of World Road Racing into the MotoGP Championship. This convinced Ducati to make a much-awaited return to the track in the new MotoGP class.
The basis of the design of the Desmosedici engine therefore is two classical Ducati L-Twins next to each other, making a Double L Twin with two-cylinder Stroking at the same time (also called Twin Pulse). With four valves per cylinder, the total number of valves is sixteen - Desmosedici means desmodromic distribution with sixteen valves shortened in Italian
Design had started in 2001, the bike was unveiled at the 2002 Italian GP at Mugello, for use in the following seasons MotoGP World Championship. Vittoriano Guareschi, the Ducati Corse test-rider, followed every phase of the Desmosedici’s development process from early testing to track debut and the project’s evolution. In 2007, Ducati's pilot Casey Stoner, riding a Desmosedici, obtained Ducati's first MotoGP World Championship Title.
[edit] GP3
While still fully committed to Superbike racing, the Ducati Marlboro Team of Loris Capirossi and Troy Bayliss would compete in all rounds of the 2003 MotoGP championship. The Desmosedici GP3 quickly scored a series of results with Loris Capirossi, who stepped onto the podium in the opening round of the championship in Japan and won the GP Catalunya in Barcelona. Riders Capirossi finished fourth in the final championship standings and Bayliss sixth; while Ducati finished second overall in the Manufacturers’ standings[edit] GP4
In 2004 the Desmosedici GP4, again in the hands of Capirossi and Bayliss, underwent a series of major modifications. A large part of the season went by before the bike became competitive, but the season concluded with both riders on the podium.At 989 cc, the GP4's top speed record of 347.4 km/h (215.9 mph) was set by Loris Capirossi at IRTA Tests in Catalunya, Spain.
[edit] GP5
Loris Capirossi riding the GP5
...and GP6.
[edit] GP6
Launched at the Italian skiing resort of Madonna di Campiglio, the GP6 is a lighter and more powerful version of the GP5. Involving better aerodynamics and a better fuel tank position, most importantly, although more powerful, the engine delivery was smoothed to make the bike more ridable. This made the bike slower on top speed, but quicker into, around and out of corners.[1]The new rider with Capirossi was Spanish rider Sete Gibernau. After encouraging winter tests, the Desmosedici GP6 took its first win of 2006 in the opening GP at Jerez de la Frontera, Spain, followed by a podium in Qatar. Capirossi led the championship for a short while, but at the start of the Grand prix de Catalunya at Barcelona, Gibernau's bike collided with Capirossi's after Gibernau braked too late and compressed his brake lever further after impacting it on the back of Capirossi's bike. Both riders ended up injured and in the hospital, with Gibernau sustaining a broken collar bone, and both missed the Dutch Grand Prix at Assen. Capirossi returned at the British Grand Prix, while Gibernau was replaced by German Alex Hofmann for the Dutch Grand Prix, the British Grand Prix, and also the Czech Grand Prix after undergoing additional surgery. With Gibernau sidelined for the final round of the season at Valencia following a collision with Casey Stoner, Ducati recalled Bayliss, who was recently crowned World Superbike champion. The race was won by Bayliss, his first MotoGP victory, with Capirossi taking second place for the first Ducati 1-2 finish.
[edit] GP7
For 2007, MotoGP rules were changed to cap motors to a maximum displacement of 800 cc. In response, Ducati built the GP7. Its specifications were: 800 cc bike, double L-Twin motor (4 Cylinder Twin Pulse), approximately 168 kW (225 hp) at 19000 rpm and a greater than 330 km/h top speed (Confirmed 337.2 km/h (209.6 mph)).[citation needed]Ducati started its project to build an 800 cc MotoGP bike extremely early and according to Ducati's racing chief Filippo Preziosi, by August 2006 Ducati had already built twenty 800 cc engines with various specifications.[2] In addition, an early version of the bike was track tested for the first time during early May 2006.[3] Public testing with the bike began at the Brno Track, where Loris Capirossi had won the day before riding the GP6, on the 21st of August. Capirossi's lap times on the prototype GP7 were only 1.4 seconds off his track record time set on the 990 cc GP6.
Further testing of the GP7 in Motegi, Japan, revealed that the 800 cc machine could run faster laps than the higher-displacement 990 cc bikes, and held nearly a second advantage over the next fastest 800 cc bike, a Honda ridden by Dani Pedrosa.
MotoGP's 800 cc era officially began with the first race of the 2007 MotoGP season, at the Losail International Circuit in Qatar. Casey Stoner won the race on the new GP7. The bike had a clear top speed advantage over the rest of the grid, due to its higher output motor. A new track record was set on the GP7. Second place contender and five time former World champion, Yamaha's Valentino Rossi, complained that "unfortunately, there was too much difference between (our) bikes in the straight" and "Our Yamaha will never go as quick on a straight as the Ducati." These words turned out to be true, as the GP7 enjoyed a top speed advantage throughout the season, although the other manufacturers (Yamaha, Honda, Kawasaki and Suzuki) closed the gap significantly by the end of the year. Stoner and his Bridgestone-shod Ducati proved to be the top combination in MotoGP and he won the world championship at Motegi, Japan, on September 23, 2007, four races before the end of the season.
[edit] GP8
For purposes of avoiding chatter which was encountered on some occasions with GP7, the rigidity of the GP8's frame was altered, although further details of relevant modifications are not disclosed.[4][5] In addition, in an attempt to reduce an effect described as "pumping", some modifications to the bike's suspension geometry were made.[4][5]
As with its predecessor the GP8 contains a four-cylinder 800cc engine with desmodromic actuation of its 16 valves. The engine has improved mid-range response and top-end power compared to that of the GP7.
During 2007 Ducati tested a special fuel saving clutch arrangement which disengaged the clutch during braking and reduced fuel consumption, however the arrangement was not incorporated in the GP8 as various advanced lubricants and fuels used with the GP8 are believed to provide comparable fuel savings, while decreasing internal engine friction and increasing maximum power.[6]
In race trim the bike recorded an official top speed of 343.2 km/h (213.3 mph) at the 2008 Chinese motorcycle Grand Prix.[7] However, in a video of the same race, Casey Stoner is seen to ride the bike at the speed of 347 km/h (216 mph).
[edit] GP9
The GP9 was Ducati's entry for the 2009 MotoGP World Championship. Ducati began testing it on track prior to May 2008.[8] On 9 June 2008, Ducati publicly rolled out the Desmosedici GP9 for testing at Circuit de Catalunya.[9]A distinctive feature of GP9 is its carbon fibre chassis, representing a departure from Ducati's traditional steel trellis chassis.[10] Although carbon fibre chassis were tried in mid 1980s, currently no other MotoGP racing team uses them.[10]
The GP9 reached a speed of 348 km/h in the fifth round of the MotoGP championship at Mugello.
[edit] GP10
On January 15, 2010, Ducati introduced the GP10 for the 2010 MotoGP season.[11] Development concentrated on improving engine longevity, to keep within new engine restrictions, and rideability.[12] Most notably, the GP10 makes use of a big-bang firing order for the first time since the Desmosedici changed from the 990cc to the 800cc engine capacity.[12] It also features redesigned fairing, first seen at the 2009 Estoril round.[12][edit] GP11
On January 12, 2011, Ducati introduced the GP11 for the 2011 MotoGP season.[13] The bike will be raced with Valentino Rossi and Nicky Hayden.| Ducati Desmosedici GP11 Specifications | |
|---|---|
| Engine | |
| Engine type: | Liquid-cooled, 90-degree, V4 4-stroke with 16-valve, Desmodromic DOHC |
| Displacement: | 799 cc |
| Ignition: | Magneti Marelli |
| Fuel: | Shell Racing V-Power |
| Lubricant: | Shell Advance Ultra 4 |
| Carburation | Indirect Magneti Marelli electronic injection, four throttle bodies with injectors above butterfly valves. Throttles operated by EVO TCF (Throttle control & Feedback) system |
| Maximum power: | Approximately 170 kW (230 hp) |
| Maximum speed: | Approximately 350 km/h (220 mph) |
| Exhaust | Termignoni |
| Transmission | |
| Type: | 6-speed cassette-type gearbox, with alternative gear ratios available |
| Primary drive: | Gear |
| Clutch: | Dry multi-plate slipper clutch |
| Final drive: | Regina Chain |
| Chassis and running gear | |
| Frame type: | Carbon fiber chassis |
| Front suspension: | Öhlins inverted 48 mm front forks |
| Rear suspension: | Öhlins rear shock absorber, adjuster for pre-load, compression and rebound damping |
| Front/rear wheels: | 16.5 inch front and rear |
| Front/rear tyres: | Bridgestone |
| Front brake: | Brembo, two 320 mm carbon front discs with four-piston calipers |
| Rear Brake: | Brembo, single stainless steel rear disc with two-piston calipers |
| Dry Weight: | 150 kg (330 lb) |
| Fuel capacity: | 21 l (4.6 imp gal; 5.5 US gal) |
[edit] GP12
On 7 April 2011, it was announced that Valentino Rossi and Nicky Hayden would be testing the new 2012 model at Jerez, that weekend.[14]Valentino Rossi will ride a version of Ducati's 2012 bike, with a destroked engine to a capacity of the permitted 800cc's (for the 2011 championship) from the 2011 Dutch TT in an effort to turn the team's disappointing 2011 season around. The new bike is codenamed the GP11.1.[15]
[edit] Desmosedici RR
Main article: Ducati Desmosedici RR
The Desmosedici RR is a road-legal version of the Desmosedici, first delivered in early 2008.[edit] References
- ^ Motorsport.com (January 20, 2006). "Ducati's Desmosedici GP6 Sees the Light". Businessweek.com. Retrieved 2008-10-27.
- ^ "Ducati: We've built 20 800cc engines! | MOTOGP Features". Crash.net. Retrieved 2008-10-27.
- ^ a b "MotoGP News: Ducati's new bike testing since February". Autosport.com. Retrieved 2008-10-27.
- ^ a b c "Ducati explains the GP8. | MOTOGP News | Crash.Net". Crash.net. Retrieved 2008-10-27.
- ^ a b "MotoGP News: New Ducati an evolution of 2007 bike". Autosport.com. Retrieved 2008-10-27.
- ^ "Ducati stop work on 'fuel saving' clutch". Autosport.
- ^ "Rossi smashes losing streak in China".
- ^ "Suppo confirms Desmosedici GP9 has already been tested | The Official MotoGP Website". MotoGP.com. 16 May 2008. Retrieved 2008-10-27.
- ^ "MotoGP World Exclusive: Ducati roll out 2009 prototype - Motorcycle Sport". Motorcyclenews.com. Retrieved 2008-10-27.
- ^ a b "MotoGP News: Ducati test carbon chassis at Barcelona". Autosport.com. Retrieved 2008-10-27.
- ^ Korzeniewski, Jeremy (2010-01-15). "Ducati unveils Desmosedici GP10 MotoGP bike in Italy". Autoblog.com. Retrieved 2011-01-13.
- ^ a b c "Ducati Desmosedici GP10 unveiled | The Official MotoGP Website". Motogp.com. 2010-01-13. Retrieved 2010-05-01.
- ^ "Rossi’s Desmosedici GP11 unveiled | The Official MotoGP Website". Motogp.com. Retrieved 2011-01-13.
- ^ "Rossi and Hayden set for GP12 debut in Jerez". Retrieved 8 April 2011.
- ^ "Rossi gets 2012 chassis for Assen". Autosport. Retrieved 20 June 2011.
[edit] External links
 | Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Ducati Desmosedici |
- Ducati.com - The official manufacturer's website. Current model info, including online information, history, manuals and race team info (Italian/English)
- Ducati GP6 Racing - official site for the Desmosedici GP6 race bike with team info
1 komentar:
Ceramic vs Titanium Curling Iron - TITanium Arts
Tritanium and titanium curling iron are not mens black titanium wedding bands all that unique, oakley titanium glasses they are rather titanium wallet unique. But as a titanium engagement rings result, all three versions are made from wood titanium muzzle brake and metal.
Post a Comment
wahat do you think?